S 3 A 1-4
قوله تعالى:
بِسْمِ اللّٰهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ الم* اَللّٰهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ هُوَ الْحَيُّ الْقَيُّومُ نَزَّلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰابَ بِالْحَقِّ مُصَدِّقاً لِمٰا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَأَنْزَلَ التَّوْرٰاةَ وَالْإِنْجِيلَ مِنْ قَبْلُ هُدىً لِلنّٰاسِ وَأَنْزَلَ الْفُرْقٰانَ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِآيَاتِ اللّٰهِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ وَاللّٰهُ عَزِيزٌ ذُو انْتِقَامٍ [آل عمران 1-4]
Translation (M. H. Shakir):
Alif Lam Mim. Allah—there is no god but He, the Ever-living, the Self-subsisting by Whom all subsist. He has revealed the Book to you with truth, verifying that which is before it, and He revealed the Taurat and the Injeel. Aforetime, a guidance for the people; and He sent the Furqan. Surely those who disbelieve in the communications of Allah they shall have a severe chastisement; and Allah is Mighty, the Lord of retribution.
99-/1589 _1-
ابْنُ بَابَوَيْهِ،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ الزَّنْجَانِيُّ،فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ عَلَى يَدَيْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَحْمَدَ الْبَغْدَادِيِّ الْوَرَّاقِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى الْعَنْبَرِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَسْمَاءَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا جُوَيْرِيَةُ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الثَّوْرِيِّ،قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِجَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ):مَا مَعْنَى قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ الم ؟ قَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«أَمَّا الم فِي أَوَّلِ الْبَقَرَةِ فَمَعْنَاهُ:أَنَا اللَّهُ الْمَلِكُ،وَ أَمَّا فِي أَوَّلِ آلِ عِمْرَانَ فَمَعْنَاهُ:أَنَا اللَّهُ الْمَجِيدُ».
Translation:
Ibn Bābawayh said: Abū al-Hasan Muhammad ibn Hārūn al-Zanjānī informed us—in what he wrote to me by the hand of ‘Alī ibn Ahmad al-Baghdādī, the bookseller—he said: Mu‘ādh ibn al-Muthannā al-‘Anbarī narrated to us, he said: ‘Abdullāh ibn Asmā’ narrated to us, he said: Juwairiyah narrated to us, from Sufyān ibn Sa‘īd al-Thawrī, who said: I said to Ja‘far ibn Muhammad ibn ‘Alī ibn al-Husayn ibn ‘Alī ibn Abī Tālib (peace be upon them): What is the meaning of Allah’s saying, Alif Lām Mīm? He (peace be upon him) said: As for Alif Lām Mīm at the beginning of al-Baqarah, its meaning is: “I am Allah, the King (Ana Allāh al-Malik)”; and as for the beginning of Āl ‘Imrān, its meaning is: “I am Allah, the Glorious (Ana Allāh al-Majīd).”
99-/1590 _2-
عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي،عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ،عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى: الم* اَللّٰهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ هُوَ الْحَيُّ الْقَيُّومُ* نَزَّلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰابَ بِالْحَقِّ مُصَدِّقاً لِمٰا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ أَنْزَلَ التَّوْرٰاةَ وَ الْإِنْجِيلَ* مِنْ قَبْلُ هُدىً لِلنّٰاسِ وَ أَنْزَلَ الْفُرْقٰانَ .
قَالَ:«الْفُرْقَانُ:هُوَ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ مُحْكَمٍ،وَ الْكِتَابُ:هُوَ جُمْلَةُ الْقُرْآنِ،الَّذِي يُصَدِّقُهُ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ».
Translation:
‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said: My father narrated to me, from al-Nadr ibn Suwayd, from ‘Abdullāh ibn Sinān, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him). He said: I asked him about the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted: Alif Lām Mīm. Allah—there is no god but He, the Ever-living, the Self-subsisting. He has revealed the Book to you with truth, verifying that which is before it, and He revealed the Torah and the Gospel, aforetime, a guidance for the people, and He sent down the Furqān. He said: The Furqān is every decisive command; and the Kitāb is the totality of the Qur’ān, which is confirmed by the prophets who came before it.
99-/1591 _3-
مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ:عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنِ ابْنِ سِنَانٍ أَوْ عَنْ غَيْرِهِ،عَمَّنْ ذَكَرَهُ،قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)عَنِ الْقُرْآنِ وَ الْفُرْقَانِ،أَ هُمَا شَيْئَانِ،أَوْ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ؟ فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ):«الْقُرْآنُ:جُمْلَةُ الْكِتَابِ،وَ الْفُرْقَانُ:اَلْمُحْكَمُ الْوَاجِبُ الْعَمَلِ بِهِ».
Translation:
Muhammad ibn Ya‘qūb, from ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm, from his father, from Ibn Sinān or from someone else, from one who mentioned it, said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about the Qur’ān and the Furqān—are they two things, or one thing? He (peace be upon him) said: The Qur’ān is the totality of the Book; and the Furqān is the decisive [part] that must be acted upon.
_1) -معاني الأخبار:1/22. (Ma‘ānī al-Akhbār: 1/22)
_2) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:96. (Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:96)
_3) -الكافي 1:11/461. (al-Kāfī 1:11/461)
99-/1592 _4-
الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،قَالَ:سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنِ الْقُرْآنِ وَ الْفُرْقَانِ. قَالَ:«الْقُرْآنُ:جُمْلَةُ الْكِتَابِ وَ أَخْبَارُ مَا يَكُونُ،وَ الْفُرْقَانُ:اَلْمُحْكَمُ الَّذِي يُعْمَلُ بِهِ؛وَ كُلُّ مُحْكَمٍ فَهُوَ فُرْقَانٌ».
Translation:
Al-‘Ayyāshī, from ‘Abdullāh ibn Sinān, said: I asked Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him) about the Qur’ān and the Furqān. He said: The Qur’ān is the totality of the Book and the reports of what will be; and the Furqān is the decisive [part] that is acted upon; and every decisive [text] is a Furqān.
99-/1593 _5-
عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: الم* اَللّٰهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ هُوَ الْحَيُّ الْقَيُّومُ* نَزَّلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰابَ بِالْحَقِّ مُصَدِّقاً لِمٰا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ أَنْزَلَ التَّوْرٰاةَ وَ الْإِنْجِيلَ* مِنْ قَبْلُ هُدىً لِلنّٰاسِ وَ أَنْزَلَ الْفُرْقٰانَ .
قَالَ:«هُوَ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ مُحْكَمٍ،وَ الْكِتَابُ هُوَ جُمْلَةُ الْقُرْآنِ الَّذِي يُصَدَّقُ فِيهِ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ».
Translation:
From ‘Abdullāh ibn Sinān, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding Allah’s saying: Alif Lām Mīm. Allah—there is no god but He, the Ever-living, the Self-subsisting. He has revealed the Book to you with truth, verifying that which is before it, and He revealed the Torah and the Gospel, aforetime, a guidance for the people, and He sent down the Furqān. He said: It is every decisive matter; and the Kitāb is the totality of the Qur’ān in which those prophets who came before it are confirmed.
99-/1594 _6-
أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ،قَالَ:رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «الْفُرْقَانُ هُوَ كُلُّ آيَةٍ مُحْكَمَةٍ فِي الْكِتَابِ،وَ هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَدَّقُ فِيهِ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ».
Translation:
Abū ‘Alī al-Ṭabrisī said: It is reported from ‘Abdullāh ibn Sinān, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), that he said: The Furqān is every decisive verse in the Book, and it is that by which the prophets who came before it are confirmed.
قوله تعالى:
هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَوِّرُكُمْ فِي الْأَرْحٰامِ كَيْفَ يَشٰاءُ لَا إِلٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ [آل عمران 6]
Translation (M. H. Shakir):
He it is Who shapes you in the wombs as He likes; there is no god but He, the Mighty, the Wise.
99-/1595 _1-
علي بن إبراهيم:يعني ذكرا و أنثى،و أسود و أبيض و أحمر،و صحيحا و سقيما.
Translation:
‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm: Meaning male and female, and black and white and red, and sound and sick.
قوله تعالى:
هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰابَ مِنْهُ آيٰاتٌ مُحْكَمٰاتٌ هُنَّ أُمُّ الْكِتٰابِ وَ أُخَرُ مُتَشٰابِهٰاتٌ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْغٌ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ مٰا تَشٰابَهَ مِنْهُ ابْتِغٰاءَ الْفِتْنَةِ وَ ابْتِغٰاءَ تَأْوِيلِهِ وَ مٰا يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ إِلاَّ اللّٰهُ وَ الرّٰاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ يَقُولُونَ آمَنّٰا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّنٰا وَ مٰا يَذَّكَّرُ إِلاّٰ أُولُوا الْأَلْبٰابِ [آل عمران 7]
Translation (M. H. Shakir):
He it is Who has revealed the Book to you; some of its verses are decisive, they are the basis of the Book, and others are allegorical; then as for those in whose hearts there is perversity they follow the part of it which is allegorical, seeking to mislead and seeking to give it (their own) interpretation. but none knows its interpretation except Allah, and those who are firmly rooted in knowledge say: We believe in it, it is all from our Lord; and none do mind except those having understanding.
_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:2/9. (Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:2/9)
_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:1/162. (Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:1/162)
_6) -مجمع البيان 2:697. (Majma‘ al-Bayān 2:697)
_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:96. (Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:96)
[1] في المصدر:من كتاب. (fī al-maṣdar: min kitāb)