S 3 A 7

فَقَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «الْقُرْآنُ: جُمْلَةُ الْكِتَابِ، وَ الْفُرْقَانُ: اَلْمُحْكَمُ الْوَاجِبُ الْعَمَلِ بِهِ».

99-/1592 The Imam (peace be upon him) said: The Qur’an is the entirety of the Book, and the Furqan is the definitive (muhkam) part whose practice is obligatory.

99-/1592 _4- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) عَنِ الْقُرْآنِ وَ الْفُرْقَانِ. قَالَ: «الْقُرْآنُ: جُمْلَةُ الْكِتَابِ وَ أَخْبَارُ مَا يَكُونُ، وَ الْفُرْقَانُ: اَلْمُحْكَمُ الَّذِي يُعْمَلُ بِهِ؛ وَ كُلُّ مُحْكَمٍ فَهُوَ فُرْقَانٌ».

99-/1592 Al-‘Ayyashi: From ‘Abd Allah b. Sinan who said: I asked Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) about the Qur’an and the Furqan. He said: The Qur’an is the entirety of the Book and the reports of what will be; and the Furqan is the definitive (muhkam) part by which one acts; every definitive (muhkam) text is Furqan.

99-/1593 _5- عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: الم* اَللّٰهُ لاٰ إِلٰهَ إِلاّٰ هُوَ الْحَيُّ الْقَيُّومُ* نَزَّلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰابَ بِالْحَقِّ مُصَدِّقاً لِمٰا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ وَ أَنْزَلَ التَّوْرٰاةَ وَ الْإِنْجِيلَ* مِنْ قَبْلُ هُدىً لِلنّٰاسِ وَ أَنْزَلَ الْفُرْقٰانَ. قَالَ: «هُوَ كُلُّ أَمْرٍ مُحْكَمٍ، وَ الْكِتَابُ هُوَ جُمْلَةُ الْقُرْآنِ الَّذِي يُصَدَّقُ فِيهِ مَنْ كَانَ [1] قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ».

99-/1593 From ‘Abd Allah b. Sinan, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah, the Exalted: Alif Lam Mim. Allah—there is no god but He, the Ever-living, the Self-subsisting. He has revealed to you the Book with truth, verifying that which is before it, and He revealed the Torah and the Gospel before, a guidance for mankind, and He revealed the Furqan. He said: It (the Furqan) is every definitive matter; and “the Book” is the entirety of the Qur’an in which those prophets before it are affirmed as truthful.

(Qur’an 3:1–4, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1594 _6- أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الطَّبْرِسِيُّ، قَالَ: رُوِيَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «الْفُرْقَانُ هُوَ كُلُّ آيَةٍ مُحْكَمَةٍ فِي الْكِتَابِ، وَ هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَدَّقُ فِيهِ مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَهُ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ».

99-/1594 Abu ‘Ali al-Tabrisi said: It is narrated from ‘Abd Allah b. Sinan, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), that he said: The Furqan is every definitive verse in the Book; and it is that by which those who came before it from among the prophets are affirmed as truthful.

قوله تعالى:

هُوَ الَّذِي يُصَوِّرُكُمْ فِي الْأَرْحٰامِ كَيْفَ يَشٰاءُ

99-/1595 _1- علي بن إبراهيم: يعني ذكرا و أنثى، و أسود و أبيض و أحمر، و صحيحا و سقيما.

(Qur’an 3:6, M. H. Shakir) He it is Who shapes you in the wombs as He pleases.

99-/1595 ‘Ali b. Ibrahim: Meaning male and female, and black and white and red, and sound and sick.

قوله تعالى:

هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰابَ مِنْهُ آيٰاتٌ مُحْكَمٰاتٌ هُنَّ أُمُّ الْكِتٰابِ وَ أُخَرُ مُتَشٰابِهٰاتٌ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْغٌ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ مٰا تَشٰابَهَ مِنْهُ ابْتِغٰاءَ الْفِتْنَةِ وَ ابْتِغٰاءَ تَأْوِيلِهِ وَ مٰا يَكْرَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ إِلاَّ اللّٰهُ وَ الرّٰاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ يَقُولُونَ آمَنّٰا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّنٰا وَ مٰا يَذَّكَّرُ إِلاّٰ أُولُوا الْأَلْبٰابِ

(Qur’an 3:7, M. H. Shakir) He it is Who has revealed to you the Book; of it there are some verses decisive, they are the basis of the Book, and others are allegorical; then as for those in whose hearts there is perversity they follow the part of it which is allegorical, seeking to mislead and seeking to give it their own interpretation. But none knows its interpretation except Allah, and those who are firmly rooted in knowledge say: We believe in it, it is all from our Lord; and none do mind except those having understanding.

_4) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:2/9.

_4) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:2/9.

_5) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:1/162.

_5) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:1/162.

_6) -مجمع البيان 2:697.

_6) -Majma‘ al-Bayān 2:697.

_1) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:96.

_1) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:96.

[1] في المصدر: من كتاب.

[1] fī al-maṣdar: min kitāb.

99-/1596 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِهِ، عَنْ آدَمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ ابْنِ مِهْرَانَ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مَيْمُونٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)، قَالَ: «إِنَّ أُنَاساً تَكَلَّمُوا فِي الْقُرْآنِ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ، وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰابَ ... وَ مٰا يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ إِلاَّ اللّٰهُ الْآيَةَ، فَالْمَنْسُوخَاتُ مِنَ الْمُتَشَابِهَاتِ، وَ الْمُحْكَمَاتُ مِنَ النَّاسِخَاتِ».

99-/1596 Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: From ‘Ali b. Muhammad, from some of his companions, from Adam b. Ishaq, from ‘Abd al-Razzaq b. Mihran, from al-Husayn b. Maymun, from Muhammad b. Salim, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: Some people spoke about the Qur’an without knowledge. That is because Allah, Blessed and Exalted, says: He it is Who has revealed to you the Book … and none knows its interpretation except Allah (the verse). Thus, the abrogated passages are among the allegorical, and the definitive ones are among the abrogating.

99-/1597 _2- عَنْهُ: عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُعَلَّى بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أُورَمَةَ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ حَسَّانَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰابَ ... قَالَ: «أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)». وَ أُخَرُ مُتَشٰابِهٰاتٌ قَالَ: «فُلاَنٌ وَ فُلاَنٌ». فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْغٌ: «أَصْحَابُهُمْ وَ أَهْلُ وَلاَيَتِهِمْ». ... وَ الرّٰاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ: «أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)».

99-/1597 From him: from al-Husayn b. Muhammad, from Mu‘alla b. Muhammad, from Muhammad b. Urama, from ‘Ali b. Hassan, from ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Kathir, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), on the saying of Allah, the Exalted: He it is Who has revealed to you the Book … He said: “The decisive verses (the Mother of the Book) are the Commander of the Faithful and the Imams (peace be upon them).” And as for “others are allegorical,” he said: “So-and-so and so-and-so.” As for “those in whose hearts is perversity”: “their partisans and those loyal to them.” … And “those firmly rooted in knowledge”: “the Commander of the Faithful and the Imams (peace be upon them).”

99-/1598 _3- وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ النَّضْرِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ بْنِ الْحُرِّ؛ وَ عِمْرَانَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: «نَحْنُ الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ، وَ نَحْنُ نَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ».

99-/1598 From him: from a number of our companions, from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from al-Husayn b. Sa‘id, from al-Nadr b. Suwayd, from Ayyub b. al-Hurr and ‘Imran b. ‘Ali, from Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: We are those firmly rooted in knowledge, and we know its interpretation.

99-/1599 _4- وَ عَنْهُ: عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ مٰا يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ إِلاَّ اللّٰهُ وَ الرّٰاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ ... «فَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَفْضَلُ الرَّاسِخِينَ فِي الْعِلْمِ، ... وَ أَوْصِيَاؤُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ يَعْلَمُونَهُ كُلَّهُ، ... يَقُولُونَ آمَنّٰا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّنَا وَ الْقُرْآنُ خَاصٌّ وَ عَامٌّ، وَ مُحْكَمٌ وَ مُتَشَابِهٌ، وَ نَاسِخٌ وَ مَنْسُوخٌ، فَالرَّاسِخُونُ فِي الْعِلْمِ يَعْلَمُونَهُ».

99-/1599 From him: from ‘Ali b. Muhammad, from ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Ali, from Ibrahim b. Ishaq, from ‘Abd Allah b. Hammad, from Burayd b. Mu‘awiyah, from one of the two (peace be upon them), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: And none knows its interpretation except Allah and those firmly rooted in knowledge … The Messenger of Allah is the most excellent of those firmly rooted in knowledge; Allah, Mighty and Majestic, taught him all that He revealed to him, its revelation and its interpretation; and Allah would not reveal to him anything without teaching him its interpretation. And his legatees after him know it all. As for those who do not know its interpretation, when the learned among them speaks to them with knowledge, Allah answered them with His saying: “They say: We believe in it, it is all from our Lord.” The Qur’an has specific and general, definitive and allegorical, abrogating and abrogated; and those firmly rooted in knowledge know it.

99-/1600 _5- وَ عَنْهُ: بِإِسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ سَيْفِ بْنِ عَمِيرَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي الصَّبَّاحِ الْكِنَانِيِّ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ فَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ طَاعَتَنَا، لَنَا الْأَنْفَالُ وَ لَنَا صَفْوُ الْمَالِ، وَ نَحْنُ الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ».

99-/1600 From him: with his chain from Ahmad b. Muhammad, from Muhammad b. Abi ‘Umayr, from Sayf b. ‘Amirah, from Abu al-Sabbah al-Kinani, who said: Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) said: We are a people whose obedience Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has made obligatory; the spoils (anfal) are ours and the choicest of wealth is ours; and we are those firmly rooted in knowledge.

_1) -الكافي 2:1/24.

_1) -al-Kāfī 2:1/24.

_2) -الكافي 1:14/343.

_2) -al-Kāfī 1:14/343.

_3) -الكافي 1:1/166.

_3) -al-Kāfī 1:1/166.

_4) -الكافي 1:2/166.

_4) -al-Kāfī 1:2/166.

_5) -الكافي 1:6/143.

_5) -al-Kāfī 1:6/143.

99-/1601 _6- سُلَيْمُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ الْهِلاَلِيُّ: عَنْ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) -فِي حَدِيثٍ لَهُ مَعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ- قَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «يَا مُعَاوِيَةُ، إِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ، حَقٌّ، وَ نُورٌ وَ هُدًى، وَ رَحْمَةٌ وَ شِفَاءٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَ الَّذِينَ لاٰ يُؤْمِنُونَ فِي آذٰانِهِمْ وَقْرٌ وَ هُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَمًى. يَا مُعَاوِيَةُ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ لَمْ يَدَعْ صِنْفاً مِنْ أَصْنَافِ الضَّلاَلَةِ وَ الدُّعَاةِ إِلَى النَّارِ إِلاَّ وَ قَدْ رَدَّ عَلَيْهِمْ وَ احْتَجَّ فِي الْقُرْآنِ، وَ نَهَى عَنِ اتِّبَاعِهِمْ، وَ أَنْزَلَ فِيهِمْ قُرْآناً نَاطِقاً عَلَيْهِمْ، عَلِمَهُ مَنْ عَلِمَهُ، وَ جَهِلَهُ مَنْ جَهِلَهُ، وَ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) يَقُولُ: لَيْسَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ آيَةٌ إِلاَّ وَ لَهَا ظَهْرٌ وَ بَطْنٌ، وَ لاَ مِنْهُ حَرْفٌ إِلاَّ وَ لَهُ حَدٌّ، وَ لِكُلِّ حَدٍّ مَطْلَعٌ عَلَى ظَهْرِ الْقُرْآنِ وَ بَطْنِهِ وَ تَأْوِيلِهِ، وَ مَا يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَ الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ، وَ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ سَائِرَ الْأُمَّةِ أَنْ يَقُولُوا: آمَنّٰا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّنٰا وَ أَنْ يُسَلِّمُوا لَنَا، وَ أَنْ يَرُدُّوا عِلْمَهُ إِلَيْنَا، وَ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ لَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَ إِلىٰ أُولِي الْأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنْبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ وَ يَطْلُبُونَهُ».

99-/1601 Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilali: From the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)—in a discourse with Mu‘awiyah—he (peace be upon him) said: O Mu‘awiyah, the Qur’an is truth, light, guidance, mercy, and a healing for the believers; but as for those who do not believe, there is heaviness in their ears and it is blindness upon them. O Mu‘awiyah, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, has not left any category of misguidance and callers to the Fire except that He has refuted them and argued against them in the Qur’an, forbidding following them, and He revealed about them Qur’an that speaks against them—known to whoever knows it and unknown to whoever is ignorant of it. I heard the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) say: There is not a verse in the Qur’an but that it has an outward and an inward; and not a single letter of it but that it has a limit, and for every limit there is an entry to the outward and inward of the Qur’an and its interpretation; and none knows its interpretation except Allah and those firmly rooted in knowledge. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, commanded the rest of the Ummah to say: “We believe in it, it is all from our Lord,” and to submit to us and refer its knowledge back to us. And Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: “And if they had referred it to the Messenger and to those in authority among them, those who can draw the correct conclusion from it would have known it.” (Qur’an 4:83, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1602 _7- عَلِيُّ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ: ... عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ زَاجِرٌ وَ آمِرٌ، يَأْمُرُ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَ يَزْجُرُ عَنِ النَّارِ، وَ فِيهِ مُحْكَمٌ وَ مُتَشَابِهٌ: فَأَمَّا الْمُحْكَمُ فَيُؤْمَنُ بِهِ وَ يُعْمَلُ بِهِ وَ يُعْتَبَرُ بِهِ، وَ أَمَّا الْمُتَشَابِهُ فَيُؤْمَنُ بِهِ وَ لاَ يُعْمَلُ بِهِ، وَ هُوَ قَوْلُهُ: ... يَقُولُونَ آمَنّٰا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّنَا -قَالَ-: آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ) الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ».

99-/1602 ‘Ali b. Ibrahim: … from Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: I heard him say: The Qur’an warns and commands; it commands towards Paradise and warns against the Fire; and in it are definitive and allegorical passages. As for the definitive, it is to be believed in, acted upon, and taken as a lesson; and as for the allegorical, it is to be believed in but not acted upon. This is His saying: “… they say: We believe in it; it is all from our Lord.” He said: The Family of Muhammad (peace be upon them) are those firmly rooted in knowledge. (Qur’an 3:7, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1603 _8- عَنْهُ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي عُمَيْرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ أُذَيْنَةَ، عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: «إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ) أَفْضَلُ الرَّاسِخِينَ فِي الْعِلْمِ، فَقَدْ عَلِمَ جَمِيعَ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ التَّنْزِيلِ وَ التَّأْوِيلِ، وَ مَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْئاً لَمْ يُعَلِّمْهُ التَّأْوِيلَ، وَ أَوْصِيَاؤُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ يَعْلَمُونَهُ كُلَّهُ». قَالَ: قُلْتُ: ... قَالَ: «إِنَّ عِلْمَ الْحَلاَلِ وَ الْحَرَامِ وَ الْقُرْآنِ يَسِيرٌ فِي جَنْبِ الْعِلْمِ الَّذِي يَحْدُثُ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَ النَّهَارِ».

99-/1603 From him, who said: My father narrated to me, from Ibn Abi ‘Umayr, from ‘Umar b. Udhaynah, from Burayd b. Mu‘awiyah, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) is the most excellent of those firmly rooted in knowledge; he knew all that Allah revealed to him—its revelation and its interpretation; and Allah would not reveal to him anything without teaching him its interpretation. And his legatees after him know it all. He said: I said: May I be your ransom, Abu al-Khattab used to say a tremendous thing about you. He said: And what did he say? I said: He says that you know the knowledge of the lawful and the unlawful and the Qur’an. He said: The knowledge of the lawful and the unlawful and the Qur’an is small compared to the knowledge that occurs by night and day.

99-/1604 _9- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ الْهَاشِمِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ:

هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰابَ مِنْهُ آيٰاتٌ مُحْكَمٰاتٌ ...

99-/1604 Al-‘Ayyashi: From ‘Abd al-Rahman b. Kathir al-Hashimi, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), regarding the saying of Allah: He it is Who has revealed to you the Book: of it are decisive verses … He said: The decisive verses are the Commander of the Faithful and the Imams (peace be upon them); and the others, allegorical, are so-and-so and so-and-so; and as for those in whose hearts is perversity: their partisans and those loyal to them; they follow what is allegorical in it, seeking discord and seeking its interpretation.

_6) -كتاب سليم بن قيس الهلالي:156.

_6) -Kitāb Sulaym b. Qays al-Hilālī: 156.

_7) -تفسير القمّيّ 2:451.

_7) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:451.

_8) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:96.

_8) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:96.

_9) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:2/162.

_9) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:2/162.

[1] (الذين آمنوا) ليس في المصدر.

[1] (alladhīna āmanū) laysa fī al-maṣdar.

[2] فصّلت 41:44.

[2] Fuṣṣilat 41:44.

[3] النساء 4:83.

[3] al-Nisā’ 4:83.

هُوَ الَّذِي أَنْزَلَ عَلَيْكَ الْكِتٰابَ مِنْهُ آيٰاتٌ مُحْكَمٰاتٌ قَالَ: «أَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَ الْأَئِمَّةُ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ) وَ أُخَرُ مُتَشٰابِهٰاتٌ فُلاَنٌ وَ فُلاَنٌ فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْغٌ أَصْحَابُهُمْ وَ أَهْلُ وَلاَيَتِهِمْ فَيَتَّبِعُونَ مٰا تَشٰابَهَ مِنْهُ ابْتِغٰاءَ الْفِتْنَةِ وَ ابْتِغٰاءَ تَأْوِيلِهِ».

99-/1605 _10- …

99-/1605 And he said concerning “He it is Who has revealed to you the Book: of it are decisive verses”: The Commander of the Faithful and the Imams (peace be upon them). “And others are allegorical”: so-and-so and so-and-so. “As for those in whose hearts is perversity”: their cohorts and partisans. “They follow what is allegorical in it, seeking discord and seeking its interpretation.”

99-/1606 _11- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) يَقُولُ: «إِنَّ الْقُرْآنَ مُحْكَمٌ وَ مُتَشَابِهٌ، فَأَمَّا الْمُحْكَمُ فَنُؤْمِنُ بِهِ وَ نَعْمَلُ بِهِ وَ نَدِينُ بِهِ، وَ أَمَّا الْمُتَشَابِهُ فَنُؤْمِنُ بِهِ وَ لاَ نَعْمَلُ بِهِ، وَ هُوَ قَوْلُ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: ... وَ الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ هُوَ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ(صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ)».

99-/1606 From Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: The Qur’an has definitive and allegorical parts. As for the definitive, we believe in it, act upon it, and make it our religion; and as for the allegorical, we believe in it but do not act upon it. This is the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: … and those firmly rooted in knowledge are the Family of Muhammad (blessings of Allah be upon them all). (Qur’an 3:7, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1607 _12- عَنْ مَسْعَدَةَ بْنِ صَدَقَةَ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً قَالَ لِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): هَلْ تَصِفُ رَبَّنَا ... «عَلَيْكَ-يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ- بِمَا دَلَّكَ عَلَيْهِ الْقُرْآنُ ... فَقَالُوا: آمَنّٰا بِهِ كُلٌّ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَبِّنَا وَ قَدْ مَدَحَ اللَّهُ اعْتِرَافَهُمْ ... [رُسُوخاً]».

99-/1607 From Mas‘adah b. Sadaqah, from Ja‘far b. Muhammad, from his father, that a man said to the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him): Will you describe our Lord for us so that our love for Him may increase and our knowledge of Him may increase? He became angry and addressed the people and said, among what he said: O servant of Allah, adhere to what the Qur’an has guided you to of His attributes, and to what the Messenger has preceded you with regarding knowledge of Him; so follow him and seek light by the light of his guidance. It is only a blessing and wisdom that you have been given; so take what you have been given and be among the thankful. Whatever Satan burdens you with that is not made obligatory for you in the Book, and for which there is no trace in the Sunnah of the Messenger and the guiding Imams—refer its knowledge to Allah. Do not measure the greatness of Allah by the measure of your intellect lest you be among the ruined. And know, O servant of Allah, that those firmly rooted in knowledge are those whom Allah has spared from plunging into the barred thresholds before the unseen realities, and they acknowledged their ignorance of the interpretation of what they did not comprehend from the veiled unseen. So they said: “We believe in it; it is all from our Lord.” Allah praised their acknowledgment of their incapacity to attain what they did not encompass in knowledge, and He named their refraining from delving into what He did not charge them to investigate “firm rootedness.”

99-/1608 _13- عَنْ بُرَيْدِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِأَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): قَوْلُ اللَّهِ: وَ مٰا يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ إِلاَّ اللّٰهُ وَ الرّٰاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ؟ ... «فَالرَّاسِخُونُ فِي الْعِلْمِ يَعْلَمُونَهُ».

99-/1608 From Burayd b. Mu‘awiyah, who said: I said to Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him): Allah’s saying, “And none knows its interpretation except Allah and those firmly rooted in knowledge”? He said: It means that none knows the interpretation of the whole Qur’an except Allah and those firmly rooted in knowledge. The Messenger of Allah is the most excellent of those firmly rooted; Allah taught him all that He revealed to him—its revelation and its interpretation—and Allah would not reveal to him anything without teaching him its interpretation. And his legatees after him know it all. Those who do not know said: What should we say when we do not know its interpretation? Allah answered them: “They say: We believe in it; it is all from our Lord.” The Qur’an has specific and general, abrogating and abrogated, definitive and allegorical; those firmly rooted in knowledge know it.

99-/1609 _14- عَنِ الْفُضَيْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: «وَ مٰا يَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ إِلاَّ اللّٰهُ وَ الرّٰاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ نَحْنُ نَعْلَمُهُ».

99-/1609 From al-Fudayl b. Yasar, from Abu Ja‘far (peace be upon him), who said: “And none knows its interpretation except Allah and those firmly rooted in knowledge”—we know it.

99-/1610 _15- عَنْ أَبِي بَصِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) قَالَ: «نَحْنُ الرَّاسِخُونَ فِي الْعِلْمِ، فَنَحْنُ نَعْلَمُ تَأْوِيلَهُ».

99-/1610 From Abu Basir, from Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him), who said: We are those firmly rooted in knowledge; thus we know its interpretation.

1611 _16- علي بن إبراهيم في قوله تعالى: فَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ زَيْغٌ: أي شك.

1611 ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, regarding His saying, the Exalted: As for those in whose hearts is perversity: i.e., doubt. (Qur’an 3:7, M. H. Shakir)

قوله تعالى:

رَبَّنَا لاٰ تُزِغْ قُلُوبَنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا وَ هَبْ لَنَا مِنْ لَدُنْكَ رَحْمَةً إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْوَهَّابُ

(Qur’an 3:8, M. H. Shakir) Our Lord! make not our hearts to deviate after Thou hast guided us aright, and grant us from Thee mercy; surely Thou art the most liberal of givers.

99-/1612 _17- علي بن إبراهيم، في قوله تعالى: رَبَّنَا لاٰ تُزِغْ قُلُوبَنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا: أي لا نشك.

99-/1612 ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, regarding His saying, the Exalted: Our Lord, do not cause our hearts to deviate after You have guided us: i.e., do not let us doubt.

99-/1613 _18- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ: ... قَالَ: «يَا هِشَامُ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ حَكَى عَنْ قَوْمٍ صَالِحِينَ: أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا: رَبَّنَا لاٰ تُزِغْ قُلُوبَنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا وَ هَبْ لَنَا مِنْ لَدُنْكَ رَحْمَةً إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْوَهَّابُ ...».

99-/1613 Muhammad b. Ya‘qub: … He (peace be upon him) said: O Hisham, Allah has related about righteous people that they said: “Our Lord, make not our hearts deviate after You have guided us aright, and grant us from Yourself mercy; surely You are the Most Liberal of givers,” when they knew that hearts deviate and return to their blindness and ruin. None fears Allah who does not reason from Allah; and one who does not reason from Allah, his heart does not bind upon a firm knowledge that he beholds and whose reality he finds in his heart. None is like this except one whose words confirm his deeds and whose private state accords with his public state, for Allah—exalted is His Name—did not indicate the hidden inward of reason except by an outward from it that speaks on its behalf. (Qur’an 3:8, M. H. Shakir)

99-/1614 _19- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ: عَنْ سَمَاعَةَ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ): «أَكْثِرُوا مِنْ أَنْ تَقُولُوا: رَبَّنَا لاٰ تُزِغْ قُلُوبَنَا بَعْدَ إِذْ هَدَيْتَنَا وَ لاَ تَأْمَنُوا الزَّيْغَ».

99-/1614 Al-‘Ayyashi: From Sama‘ah b. Mihran, who said: Abu ‘Abd Allah (peace be upon him) said: Say often: “Our Lord! make not our hearts deviate after Thou hast guided us aright,” and do not feel secure from deviation. (Qur’an 3:8, M. H. Shakir)

قوله تعالى:

وَ أُولٰئِكَ هُمْ وَقُودُ النَّارِ -إلى قوله- لَعِبْرَةً لِأُولِي الْأَبْصَارِ

(Qur’an 3:10–13, M. H. Shakir)

- 3:10 Surely those who disbelieve, neither their wealth nor their children shall avail them in the least against Allah, and these it is who are the fuel of the fire.

- 3:11 Like the people of Firon and those before them; they disbelieved in Our communications, therefore Allah destroyed them on account of their faults; and Allah is severe in requiting evil.

- 3:12 Say to those who disbelieve: You shall be vanquished, and driven together to hell; and evil is the resting-place.

- 3:13 Indeed there was a sign for you in the two hosts which met together; one party fighting in the way of Allah and the other unbelieving, whom they saw twice as many as themselves with the sight of the eye; and Allah strengthens with His aid whom He pleases; most surely there is a lesson in this for those who have sight.

99-/1615 _20- علي بن إبراهيم، قوله: وَ أُولٰئِكَ هُمْ وَقُودُ النَّارِ: يعني حطب النار. و قال: قوله تعالى: …

99-/1615 ‘Ali b. Ibrahim, on His saying: And these are the fuel of the Fire: meaning the firewood of the Fire. And he said regarding His saying: …

_10) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:3/162.

_10) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:3/162.

_11) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:4/162.

_11) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:4/162.

_12) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:5/163.

_12) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:5/163.

_13) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:6/164.

_13) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:6/164.

_14) -تفسير العيّاشيّ 1:7/164.

_14) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:7/164.

_15) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:8/164.

_15) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:8/164.

_16) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:96.

_16) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:96.

_17) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:97.

_17) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:97.

_18) -الكافي 1:12/14.

_18) -al-Kāfī 1:12/14.

_19) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:9/164.

_19) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:9/164.

_20) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:97.

_20) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:97.