S 3 A 155-156

فَقَالَ:يَا عَلِيُّ،ائْتِنِي بِمَاءٍ أَغْسِلْ عَنِّي.فَأَتَاهُ فِي صَحْفَةٍ [1]،فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)قَدْ عَافَهُ.وَ قَالَ:اِئْتِنِي فِي يَدِكَ.فَأَتَاهُ بِمَاءٍ فِي كَفِّهِ،فَغَسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عَنْ لِحْيَتِهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)».

He said: O ‘Ali, bring me some water so that I may wash it off. He brought it to him in a large dish, but the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) found it distasteful. He said: Bring it to me in your hand. So he brought him water in his palm, and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) washed his beard.

قوله تعالى:

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا مِنْكُمْ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعٰانِ إِنَّمَا اسْتَزَلَّهُمُ الشَّيْطٰانُ بِبَعْضِ مٰا كَسَبُوا وَلَقَدْ عَفَا اللَّهُ عَنْهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌ

[Qur’an 3:155]

Surely those of you who turned back on the day when the two armies met, only the Shaitan made them slip on account of some of what they had earned, and certainly Allah has pardoned them; surely Allah is Forgiving, Forbearing. (M. H. Shakir)

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَقَالُوا لِإِخْوَانِهِمْ إِذَا ضَرَبُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَوْ كَانُوا غُزًّى لَوْ كَانُوا عِنْدَنَا مَا مَاتُوا وَمَا قُتِلُوا لِيَجْعَلَ اللَّهُ ذَٰلِكَ حَسْرَةً فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ وَاللَّهُ يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ وَاللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ

[Qur’an 3:156]

O you who believe! be not like those who disbelieve and say of their brethren when they travel in the earth or engage in fighting: Had they been with us, they would not have died and they would not have been slain; so that Allah may make it to be an intense regret in their hearts; and Allah gives life and causes death, and Allah sees what you do. (M. H. Shakir)

99-/1955 _1- الْعَيَّاشِيُّ:عَنْ زُرَارَةَ،وَ حُمْرَانَ،وَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ،عَنْ أَحَدِهِمَا(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّمَا اسْتَزَلَّهُمُ الشَّيْطٰانُ بِبَعْضِ مٰا كَسَبُوا :«فَهُوَ فِي عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ،وَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ».

99-/1955 _1- Al-‘Ayyāshī: from Zurārah, and Humrān, and Muhammad ibn Muslim, from one of the two (peace be upon them), regarding His saying: “Only the Shaitan made them slip on account of some of what they had earned”: It refers to ‘Uqbah ibn ‘Uthmān and ‘Uthmān ibn Sa‘d.

99-/1956 _2- عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَالِمٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَمَّا انْهَزَمَ النَّاسُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ،نَادَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ):إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ وَعَدَنِي أَنْ يُظْهِرَنِي عَلَى الدِّينِ كُلِّهِ.فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ الْمُنَافِقِينَ، وَ سَمَّاهُمَا:فَقَدْ هُزِمْنَا وَ تَسْخَرُ بِنَا».

99-/1956 _2- From Hishām ibn Sālim, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), who said: When the people fled from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and his family) on the Day of Uhud, the Messenger of Allah called out: Indeed Allah has promised me that He will make me prevail over the whole religion. Some of the hypocrites—he named the two of them—said to him: We have been defeated, and you mock us?

99-/1957 _3- عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ،عَنْ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّمَا اسْتَزَلَّهُمُ الشَّيْطٰانُ بِبَعْضِ مٰا كَسَبُوا .قَالَ:«هُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْعَقَبَةِ».

99-/1957 _3- From ‘Abd al-Rahmān ibn Kathīr, from Abū ‘Abdillāh (peace be upon him), regarding His saying: “Only the Shaitan made them slip on account of some of what they had earned.” He said: They are the People of the ‘Aqabah (the Mountain Pass).

/1958 _4-و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَوَلَّوْا مِنْكُمْ يَوْمَ الْتَقَى الْجَمْعٰانِ إِنَّمَا اسْتَزَلَّهُمُ الشَّيْطٰانُ :أي خدعهم حتّى طلبوا الغنيمة بِبَعْضِ مٰا كَسَبُوا قال:بذنوبهم وَ لَقَدْ عَفَا اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمْ .

ثم قال: يٰا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لاٰ تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يعني عبد اللّه بن أبي و أصحابه الذين قعدوا عن الحرب وَ قٰالُوا لِإِخْوٰانِهِمْ إِذٰا ضَرَبُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ أَوْ كٰانُوا غُزًّى لَوْ كٰانُوا عِنْدَنٰا مٰا مٰاتُوا وَ مٰا قُتِلُوا لِيَجْعَلَ اللّٰهُ ذٰلِكَ حَسْرَةً فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ وَ اللّٰهُ يُحْيِي وَ يُمِيتُ وَ اللّٰهُ بِمٰا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ .

/1958 _4- And ‘Alī ibn Ibrāhīm said, regarding His saying, “Surely those of you who turned back on the day when the two armies met, only the Shaitan made them slip”: meaning, he deceived them until they sought the booty. “On account of some of what they had earned” — he said: because of their sins — “and certainly Allah has pardoned them.”

Then he said: “O you who believe! be not like those who disbelieve” — meaning ‘Abdullāh ibn Ubayy and his companions who stayed back from the fighting — “and they say of their brethren when they travel in the earth or engage in fighting: Had they been with us, they would not have died and they would not have been slain; so that Allah may make it to be an intense regret in their hearts; and Allah gives life and causes death, and Allah sees what you do.”

قوله تعالى:

وَ لَئِنْ قُتِلْتُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللّٰهِ أَوْ مُتُّمْ لَمَغْفِرَةٌ مِنَ اللّٰهِ وَ رَحْمَةٌ خَيْرٌ مِمّٰا يَجْمَعُونَ

[Qur’an 3:157]

And if you are slain in the way of Allah or you die, certainly forgiveness from Allah and mercy is better than what they amass. (M. H. Shakir)

_1) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:156/201.

_1) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:156/201.

_2) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:157/201.

_2) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:157/201.

_3) -تفسير العيّاشي 1:158/201.

_3) -Tafsīr al-‘Ayyāshī 1:158/201.

_4) -تفسير القمّيّ 1:121.

_4) -Tafsīr al-Qummī 1:121.

[1] الصّحفة:القصعة الكبيرة.

[1] al-ṣaḥfah: al-qaṣ‘atu l-kabīrah.