S 57 Ayat 10

قوله تعالى:

لاٰ يَسْتَوِي مِنْكُمْ مَنْ أَنْفَقَ مِنْ قَبْلِ الْفَتْحِ وَ قٰاتَلَ أُولٰئِكَ أَعْظَمُ دَرَجَةً [10]

Not equal are those of you who spent before the victory and fought (with those who did so later); they are greater in rank than those who spent and fought afterwards; and Allah has promised good to all; and Allah is Aware of what you do.

99-/10473 _2- الشَّيْخُ فِي(مَجَالِسِهِ)،قَالَ:أَخْبَرَنَا جَمَاعَةٌ،عَنْ أَبِي الْمُفَضَّلِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْهَمْدَانِيُّ بِالْكُوفَةِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَسَّانَ الْوَاسِطِيُّ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ،عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ،عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ،عَنِ الْحَسَنِ(عَلَيْهِمُ السَّلاَمُ)-فِي خُطْبَةٍ خَطَبَهَا عِنْدَ صُلْحِ مُعَاوِيَةَ بِمَحْضَرِهِ-قَالَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)فِيهَا: «وَ كَانَ أَبِي سَابِقَ السَّابِقِينَ إِلَى اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ،وَ إِلَى رَسُولِهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)وَ أَقْرَبُ الْأَقْرَبِينَ،وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: لاٰ يَسْتَوِي مِنْكُمْ مَنْ أَنْفَقَ مِنْ قَبْلِ الْفَتْحِ وَ قٰاتَلَ أُولٰئِكَ أَعْظَمُ دَرَجَةً .

99-/10473 Ash-Shaykh in Majalisihi said: A group informed us from Abu al-Mufaddal, who said: Abu al-‘Abbas Ahmad ibn Muhammad ibn Sa‘id ibn ‘Abd al-Rahman al-Hamadani in Kufa narrated to us, who said: Muhammad ibn al-Mufaddal ibn Ibrahim ibn Qays al-Ash‘ari narrated to us, who said: Ali ibn Hassan al-Wasiti narrated to us, who said: ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Kathir from Ja‘far ibn Muhammad, from his father, from his grandfather Ali ibn al-Husayn, from al-Hasan (peace be upon them all)—in a sermon he delivered in the presence of Mu‘awiyah at the time of the treaty—he (peace be upon him) said in it:

“And my father was the foremost of the foremost to Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, and to His Messenger (peace be upon him and his family), and the closest of the close. And indeed Allah, the Exalted, said: ‘Not equal are those of you who spent before the victory and fought; they are greater in degree.’”

"Those of you who spent before the victory and fought are not equal (to others); they are greater in rank."

فَأَبِي كَانَ أَوَّلَهُمْ إِسْلاَماً وَ إِيمَاناً،وَ أَوَّلَهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَ رَسُولِهِ،هِجْرَةً وَ لُحُوقاً،وَ أَوَّلَهُمْ عَلَى وُجْدِهِ وَ وُسْعِهِ نَفَقَةً،قَالَ سُبْحَانَهُ: وَ الَّذِينَ جٰاؤُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ يَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا اغْفِرْ لَنٰا وَ لِإِخْوٰانِنَا الَّذِينَ سَبَقُونٰا بِالْإِيمٰانِ وَ لاٰ تَجْعَلْ فِي قُلُوبِنٰا غِلاًّ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنٰا إِنَّكَ رَؤُفٌ رَحِيمٌ [1]فَالنَّاسُ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْأُمَمِ يَسْتَغْفِرُونَ بِسَبْقِهِ إِيَّاهُمْ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ بِنَبِيِّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،

So my father was the first among them in accepting Islam and in faith, and the first of them in migration and joining Allah and His Messenger; and the foremost among them in spending from his means and capacity. Allah, the Glorified, said:

"And those who came after them say: Our Lord! Forgive us and our brethren who preceded us in faith, and do not place in our hearts any rancor toward those who believe. Our Lord! Surely Thou art Kind, Merciful." So the people from all nations seek forgiveness because of his precedence over them in faith in the Prophet (peace be upon him and his family).

وَ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَسْبِقْهُ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ أَحَدٌ،وَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَ السّٰابِقُونَ الْأَوَّلُونَ مِنَ الْمُهٰاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصٰارِ وَ الَّذِينَ اتَّبَعُوهُمْ بِإِحْسٰانٍ [2]فَهُوَ سَابِقُ جَمِيعِ السَّابِقِينَ،فَكَمَا أَنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ فَضَّلَ السَّابِقِينَ عَلَى الْمُتَخَلِّفِينَ وَ الْمُتَأَخِّرِينَ[فَكَذَلِكَ]فَضْلُ سَابِقِ السَّابِقِينَ عَلَى السَّابِقِينَ».

و الخطبة طويلة،تقدمت بطولها في قوله تعالى: إِنَّمٰا يُرِيدُ اللّٰهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَ يُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً [1].

And that is because no one preceded him in faith, and Allah, the Exalted, has said:

"And the foremost, the first of the Muhajirs and the Ansar, and those who followed them in goodness..." So he is the foremost among all the foremost. Just as Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, gave preference to the foremost over those who lagged behind and those who came later, likewise is the superiority of the foremost of the foremost over the other foremost ones.

And the sermon is long; it has been mentioned in full earlier under the verse:

"Allah only desires to keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the house! and to purify you a (thorough) purifying."

_1) -المناقب 3:80.

_2) -الأمالي 2:175.

[1] الحشر 59:10.

[2] التوبة 9:100.

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