Al-Hajj Ayah 67-70

لأهلوا و استهلوا فرحا

ثم قالوا:يا يزيد،لا تشل

لست من خندف [1] إن لم أنتقم

من بني أحمد ما كان فعل

قد قتلنا القرم [2] من ساداتهم

و عدلناه ببدر فاعتدل

و قال الشاعر في مثل ذلك:

و كذلك الشيخ أوصاني به

فاتبعت الشيخ فيما قد سأل

و قال أيضا شعرا:

يقول و الرأس مطروح يقلبه

يا ليت أشياخنا الماضين بالحضر

حتى يقيسوا قياسا لا يقاس به

أيام بدر لكان الوزن بالقدر

Translation:

They would have shouted and exulted with joy.

Then they said: O Yazid, may your hand not be paralyzed!

I am not of Khindif [1] if I do not avenge

what the sons of Ahmad have done.

We have slain the noble chief [2] of their leaders,

and we made it equal to Badr, so the balance was set right.

And a poet said something similar:

And thus the elder counseled me to it,

so I followed the elder in what he asked.

And he also said in verse:

He says, while the head is cast down, he turns it over:

Would that our elders who passed away in al-Hadr were present

to weigh by a measure unlike any measure—

in the days of Badr, the weight would have been set by destiny.

فقال اللّه تبارك و تعالى: وَ مَنْ عٰاقَبَ يعني رسول اللّه(صلّى اللّه عليه و آله) بِمِثْلِ مٰا عُوقِبَ بِهِ حين أرادوا أن يقتلوه ثُمَّ بُغِيَ عَلَيْهِ لَيَنْصُرَنَّهُ اللّٰهُ يعني بالقائم(عليه السلام)من ولده.

Translation:

So Allah, blessed and exalted, said: “And whoever retaliates,” meaning the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family), “with the like of what he has been made to suffer when they sought to kill him, then he is aggressed upon, Allah will certainly aid him,” meaning through the Qa’im (peace be upon him) from his progeny.

الآية: سورة الحج 22:60

وَ مَنْ عٰاقَبَ بِمِثْلِ مٰا عُوقِبَ بِهِ ثُمَّ بُغِيَ عَلَيْهِ لَيَنْصُرَنَّهُ اللّٰهُ إِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَعَفُوٌّ غَفُورٌ

M. H. Shakir:

And whoever retaliates with the like of what he has been made to suffer and he has been oppressed, Allah will certainly aid him; most surely Allah is Pardoning, Forgiving.

99-/7415 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ دَاوُدَ، عَنِ الْإِمَامِ مُوسَى بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ:«سَمِعْتُ أَبِي مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ) كَثِيراً مَا يُرَدِّدُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ:

وَ مَنْ عٰاقَبَ بِمِثْلِ مٰا عُوقِبَ بِهِ ثُمَّ بُغِيَ عَلَيْهِ لَيَنْصُرَنَّهُ اللّٰهُ قُلْتُ:يَا أَبَتِ-جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ-أَحْسَبُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ نَزَلَتْ فِي أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)خَاصَّةً؟[قَالَ:«نَعَمْ».]

Translation:

99-/7415 _1- Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas said: Muhammad ibn Hammam narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il, from ‘Isa ibn Dawud, from Imam Musa ibn Ja‘far, from his father (peace be upon them), who said: “I often heard my father, Muhammad ibn ‘Ali (peace be upon him), repeat this verse: ‘And whoever retaliates with the like of what he has been made to suffer, then he is aggressed upon, Allah will certainly aid him.’ I said: O my father—may I be your ransom—do I suppose that this verse was revealed specifically about the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him)?” [He said: “Yes.”]

قوله تعالى:

لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ جَعَلْنٰا مَنْسَكاً هُمْ نٰاسِكُوهُ -إلى قوله تعالى- عَلَى اللّٰهِ يَسِيرٌ [67-70]

Translation:

His saying, exalted is He: “For every nation We have appointed a rite which they perform”—up to His saying—“That is easy to Allah.” [67–70]

الآيات: سورة الحج 22:67-70

لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ جَعَلْنٰا مَنْسَكاً هُمْ نٰاسِكُوهُ فَلَا يُنَازِعُنَّكَ فِي الْأَمْرِ وَادْعُ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكَ إِنَّكَ لَعَلَىٰ هُدًى مُّسْتَقِيمٍ. وَإِن جَادَلُوكَ فَقُلِ اللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ. اللَّهُ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فِيمَا كُنتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ. أَلَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِي السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ فِي كِتَابٍ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ

M. H. Shakir:

To every nation We appointed acts of devotion which they observe, therefore they should not dispute with you in the matter and call to your Lord; most surely you are on a right way. And if they contend with you, say: Allah best knows what you do. Allah will judge between you on the day of resurrection respecting that in which you differ. Do you not know that Allah knows what is in the heaven and the earth? Surely this is in a book; surely this is easy to Allah.

99-/7416 _2- علي بن إبراهيم،في قوله تعالى: لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ جَعَلْنٰا مَنْسَكاً هُمْ نٰاسِكُوهُ أي مذهبا يذهبون فيه فَلاٰ يُنٰازِعُنَّكَ فِي الْأَمْرِ وَ ادْعُ إِلىٰ رَبِّكَ إِنَّكَ لَعَلىٰ هُدىً مُسْتَقِيمٍ إلى قوله تعالى: عَلَى اللّٰهِ يَسِيرٌ .

Translation:

99-/7416 _2- ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim, regarding His saying: “For every nation We have appointed a rite which they perform,” said: that is, a madhhab (a path) they follow. “So let them not dispute with you in the matter, and call to your Lord; surely you are upon a straight guidance”—up to His saying: “That is easy to Allah.”

99-/7417 _3- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ،عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ،عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ دَاوُدَ، قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْإِمَامُ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ)،قَالَ: «لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ جَعَلْنٰا مَنْسَكاً هُمْ نٰاسِكُوهُ

Translation:

99-/7417 _3- Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas said: Muhammad ibn Hammam narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Isma‘il, from ‘Isa ibn Dawud, who said: Imam Musa ibn Ja‘far narrated to us, from his father (peace be upon them): “When this verse was revealed: ‘For every nation We have appointed a rite which they perform’…”

جَمَعَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)،ثُمَّ قَالَ:يَا مَعَاشِرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَ الْأَنْصَارِ،إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى يَقُولُ: لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ جَعَلْنٰا مَنْسَكاً هُمْ نٰاسِكُوهُ وَ الْمَنْسَكُ هُوَ الْإِمَامُ لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهَا،حَتَّى يُدْرِكَهُ نَبِيٌّ،أَلاَ وَ إِنَّ لُزُومَ الْإِمَامِ وَ طَاعَتَهُ هُوَ الدِّينُ،وَ هُوَ الْمَنْسَكُ،وَ هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)إِمَامُكُمْ بَعْدِي،فَإِنِّي أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى هُدَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ عَلَى هُدًى مُسْتَقِيمٍ.فَقَامَ الْقَوْمُ يَتَعَجَّبُونَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ،وَ يَقُولُونَ:وَ اللَّهِ إِذَنْ لَنُنَازِعَنَّ الْأَمْرَ،وَ لاَ نَرْضَى طَاعَتَهُ أَبَداً،وَ إِنْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)الْمَفْتُونَ بِهِ.فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ ادْعُ إِلىٰ رَبِّكَ إِنَّكَ لَعَلىٰ هُدىً مُسْتَقِيمٍ* وَ إِنْ جٰادَلُوكَ فَقُلِ اللّٰهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمٰا تَعْمَلُونَ* اَللّٰهُ يَحْكُمُ بَيْنَكُمْ يَوْمَ الْقِيٰامَةِ فِيمٰا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ* أَ لَمْ تَعْلَمْ أَنَّ اللّٰهَ يَعْلَمُ مٰا فِي السَّمٰاءِ وَ الْأَرْضِ إِنَّ ذٰلِكَ فِي كِتٰابٍ إِنَّ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى اللّٰهِ يَسِيرٌ ».

Translation:

The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) gathered them, then said: “O community of the Emigrants and the Helpers! Indeed Allah, Exalted, says: ‘For every nation We have appointed a rite which they perform,’ and the mansak (rite) is the Imam for every nation after its prophet, until a prophet should reach him. Behold! Adhering to the Imam and obeying him—that is the religion, and that is the rite. And ‘Ali ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) is your Imam after me; I call you to his guidance, for he is upon a straight guidance.” The people stood in astonishment at that and said: “By Allah, then we shall indeed dispute the matter and we will never be pleased with his obedience—even if the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) is infatuated with him.” So Allah, Mighty and Majestic, sent down: “And call to your Lord; surely you are upon a right way. And if they contend with you, say: Allah best knows what you do. Allah will judge between you on the Day of Resurrection regarding that in which you used to differ. Do you not know that Allah knows what is in the heaven and the earth? Surely this is in a Book; surely this is easy to Allah.”

الآيات: سورة الحج 22:67-70

لِكُلِّ أُمَّةٍ جَعَلْنٰا مَنْسَكاً هُمْ نٰاسِكُوهُ ... إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ

M. H. Shakir:

To every nation We appointed acts of devotion which they observe, therefore they should not dispute with you in the matter and call to your Lord; most surely you are on a right way. And if they contend with you, say: Allah best knows what you do. Allah will judge between you on the day of resurrection respecting that in which you differ. Do you not know that Allah knows what is in the heaven and the earth? Surely this is in a book; surely this is easy to Allah.

قوله تعالى:

وَ إِذٰا تُتْلىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيٰاتُنٰا بَيِّنٰاتٍ تَعْرِفُ فِي وُجُوهِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا الْمُنْكَرَ يَكٰادُونَ يَسْطُونَ بِالَّذِينَ يَتْلُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ آيٰاتِنٰا قُلْ أَ فَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ ذٰلِكُمُ النّٰارُ وَعَدَهَا اللّٰهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَ بِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ [72]

Translation:

His saying, exalted is He: “And when Our clear communications are recited to them, you will notice a denial on the faces of those who disbelieve; they would almost assault those who recite to them Our communications. Say: Shall I inform you of worse than this? The Fire which Allah has promised to those who disbelieve, and evil is the resort.” [72]

الآية: سورة الحج 22:72

وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا بَيِّنَاتٍ تَعْرِفُ فِي وُجُوهِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا الْمُنكَرَ يَكَادُونَ يَسْطُونَ بِالَّذِينَ يَتْلُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتِنَا قُلْ أَفَأُنَبِّئُكُم بِشَرٍّ مِّن ذَٰلِكُمُ النَّارُ وَعَدَهَا اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا وَبِئْسَ الْمَصِيرُ

M. H. Shakir:

And when Our clear communications are recited to them, you will notice a denial on the faces of those who disbelieve; they would almost assault those who recite to them Our communications. Say: Shall I inform you of worse than this? The fire; Allah has promised it to those who disbelieve; and evil is the resort.

99-/7418 _1- مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَبَّاسِ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ هَمَّامٍ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْعَلَوِيُّ،عَنْ عِيسَى بْنِ دَاوُدَ،قَالَ:حَدَّثَنَا الْإِمَامُ مُوسَى بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ،عَنْ أَبِيهِ(عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلاَمُ) ،فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَ جَلَّ: وَ إِذٰا تُتْلىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيٰاتُنٰا بَيِّنٰاتٍ تَعْرِفُ فِي وُجُوهِ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا الْمُنْكَرَ يَكٰادُونَ يَسْطُونَ بِالَّذِينَ يَتْلُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ آيٰاتِنٰا الْآيَةَ.

قَالَ:«كَانَ الْقَوْمُ إِذَا نَزَلَتْ فِي أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ(عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ)آيَةٌ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ،فِيهَا فَرْضُ طَاعَتِهِ،أَوْ فَضِيلَةٌ فِيهِ،أَوْ فِي أَهْلِهِ سَخِطُوا ذَلِكَ،وَ كَرِهُوا،حَتَّى هَمُّوا بِهِ،وَ أَرَادُوا بِهِ الْعَظِيمَ،وَ أَرَادُوا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ(صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَ آلِهِ)أَيْضاً لَيْلَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ،غَيْظاً،وَ حَنَقاً،وَ غَضَباً،وَ حَسَداً،حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ».

Translation:

99-/7418 _1- Muhammad ibn al-‘Abbas said: Muhammad ibn Hammam narrated to us, who said: Muhammad ibn Isma‘il al-‘Alawi narrated to us, from ‘Isa ibn Dawud, who said: Imam Musa ibn Ja‘far narrated to us, from his father (peace be upon them), regarding the saying of Allah, Mighty and Majestic: “And when Our clear communications are recited to them, you will notice a denial on the faces of those who disbelieve; they would almost assault those who recite to them Our communications”—the verse. He said: “When a verse was revealed in the Book of Allah about the Commander of the Faithful (peace be upon him), in which there was an obligation to obey him, or a merit in him, or for his family, the people were angered by that and detested it—so much so that they nearly set upon him and intended something grievous against him, and they also intended against the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and his family) on the Night of al-‘Aqabah—out of rage, rancor, anger, and envy—until this verse was sent down.”

قوله تعالى:

يٰا أَيُّهَا النّٰاسُ ضُرِبَ مَثَلٌ -إلى قوله تعالى- ضَعُفَ الطّٰالِبُ وَ الْمَطْلُوبُ [73]

Translation:

His saying, exalted is He: “O mankind! A parable is set forth”—up to His saying—“Feeble are the seeker and the sought.” [73]

الآية: سورة الحج 22:73

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ضُرِبَ مَثَلٌ فَاسْتَمِعُوا لَهُ إِنَّ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ لَن يَخْلُقُوا ذُبَابًا وَلَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا لَهُ وَإِن يَسْلُبْهُمُ الذُّبَابُ شَيْئًا لَّا يَسْتَنقِذُوهُ مِنْهُ ضَعُفَ الطَّالِبُ وَالْمَطْلُوبُ

M. H. Shakir:

O people! a parable is set forth, therefore listen to it: surely those whom you call upon besides Allah cannot create a fly, though they should all gather for it, and should the fly snatch away anything from them, they could not take it back from it; weak are the invoker and the invoked.

99-/7419 _2- و قال عليّ بن إبراهيم:ثم احتج اللّه عزّ و جلّ على قريش،و الملحدين الذين يعبدون غير اللّه،

Translation:

99-/7419 _2- And ‘Ali ibn Ibrahim said: Then Allah, Mighty and Majestic, argued against Quraysh and the atheists who worship other than Allah.

_1) - تأويل الآيات 1:36/349.

Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:36/349.

_2) - تفسير القمّيّ 2:87.

Tafsīr al-Qummī 2:87.

_3) - تأويل الآيات 1:37/349.

Ta’wīl al-Āyāt 1:37/349.

[1] خندف:لقب ليلى بنت عمران بن قضاعة زوجة إلياس بن مضر بن نزار،و يفتخرون بها لأن نسب قريش ينتهي إليها.«محيط المحيط:257».

Translation:

Khindif: a sobriquet of Layla bint ‘Imran ibn Quda‘ah, the wife of Ilyas ibn Mudar ibn Nizar, and they boast of her because the lineage of Quraysh ends with her. “Muhit al-Muhit: 257.”

[2] في«ط»:القوم:و القرم:السيّد العظيم.

Translation:

In “T”: al-qawm (the people); and al-qarm: the great noble chieftain.

[1] في«ط»:العزم.

Translation:

In “T”: al-‘azm (resolve).